History Notes Ireland, 1789 - 1922 Notes
Exhaustive notes covering all aspects of Irish society in the long nineteenth century. As well as charting the development of Irish nationalism and unionism, it records the policies of individual British governments, the fate of the Irish economy, and the spread of Irish culture and religion. Complete with illustrations, charts, maps, and timelines....
The following is a more accessible plain text extract of the PDF sample above, taken from our Ireland, 1789 - 1922 Notes. Due to the challenges of extracting text from PDFs, it will have odd formatting:
Ireland
Contents
Past questions
Quotes
Society
The Irish Question
Nationalism
Unionism
Illustrations
Ireland in 1808
Nationalist movements
Chronology
Governments
British events
Irish events
Nationalism
Ireland
Geography
Economy
Society
Religion
The Irish Question
Background
Historiography
The Act of Union
Emancipation
Peel and the Whigs
The Great Famine
The Land Question
Disestablishment
The Phoenix Park murders
The First Home Rule Bill
The Second Home Rule Bill
The Third Home Rule Bill
The Great War
The Fourth Home Rule Bill
The Irish Free State
Nationalism
Origins
Nature
Religion
Language
The United Irishmen
The Catholic Association
The Tithe War
The Repeal Association
Young Ireland
The Tenant League
The Independent Irish Party
The Fenians
The Home Government Association and Home Rule League
The Irish Parliamentary Party
The Gaelic League
Sinn Féin
The Irish Republican Brotherhood
Ulster
Origins
Ulster and O’Connell
Unionism
The Ulster Volunteer Force
Epilogue
Quotes
Society
“And the day on which peace was signed… (the) great customer of the producers died”.
Robert Owen.
Catholic priests sought to stamp out “venerable old customs”.
John O’Donovan.
People saw ‘no absolute contradiction between popular supernaturalism and attachment to an institution’.
Theodore Hoppen.
That “the Catholic people of Ireland are a nation.”
Daniel O’Connell.
The Irish Question
“[A] starving population, an absentee aristocracy, and an alien Church, and, in addition, the weakest executive in the world. That was the Irish question”.
Benjamin Disraeli, 1844.
He has “sunk from decent manhood to squalid apehood”.
Thomas Carlyle on the Irishman.
“It was the Pope one day, potatoes the next”.
Benjamin Disraeli.
“It is enslaved in the chains of the Moral Tale – the good man (English) who prospered, and the bad man (Irish) who came to a shocking end”.
JR Green on Irish history, 1912.
Establishment was an “essential and fundamental part of the Union”.
The Act of Union, 1st August 1800.
Repeal was: “tantamount to a dismemberment of the empire.”
Sir Robert Peel.
“Johnny had upset the coach”.
Lord Stanley on Lord John Russell’s defiance of his party on Irish issues.
That “within a day’s communication of the capital of the greatest and richest empire in the world, thousands of our fellow creatures are each day dying of starvation.”
Isaac Butt on the Great Hunger.
“We are reaping the fruit of English legislation.”
The Belfast Vindicator on the Great Famine.
That: “the Fenian conspiracy has been an important influence with regard to Irish policy”.
William Ewart Gladstone, 1869.
It is “the most absurd” institution of the civilised world.
Thomas Babington Macaulay on the Church of Ireland.
The “criminal lunacy” of Gladstone’s approach.
Sir William Harcourt, Leader of the House of Commons, 1886.
“The war is against military despotism and in defence of the integrity of small nations.”
The Cork Free Press, 1914.
“Ireland has been admitted by the democracy of England upon equal terms to her proper place in the Empire”.
John Redmond, 1914.
Nationalism
That “the Catholic people of Ireland are a nation.”
Daniel O’Connell.
“They must crush us or conciliate us”.
Daniel O’Connell, 1828.
Daniel O’Connell is “King of Ireland”.
Alleged comment of George IV.
“I am not sure he knows exactly where he is going”.
JJ O’Kelly on Charles Stuart Parnell.
Parnellism was partly an ‘exercise in electoral technique’.
Alvin Jackson.
That “we will become… a nation of imitators, the Japanese of Western Europe”
Douglas Hyde in his 1892 lecture, ‘The Necessity of De-Anglicising Ireland’.
The “schools shall be ours”.
Patrick Pearse.
To serve “neither King nor Kaiser, but Ireland”.
The Irish Citizen Army.
“The war is against military despotism and in defence of the integrity of small nations.”
The Cork Free Press, 1914.
Parnellism is a “constitutional sham” and “force was the only remedy”.
Thomas Kelly.
Supporting “Irish Ireland”, denouncing “sham patriotism”, attacking “West Britishism”.
DP Moran in The Leader.
That “bloodshed is a cleansing and satisfying thing, and the nation which regards it as the final horror has lost its manhood”.
Patrick Pearse.
The Easter Rising was “madness”.
WB Yeats’ sister Lilly, 1916.
Unionism
“All our progress has been made under the union… Since the union and under equal laws, we have been wedded to the empire and made a progress second to none.”
The Belfast Chamber of Commerce to WE Gladstone.
“If there had been no Londonderry and no Enniskillen and no Newtownbutler two hundred years ago… there would be no United Kingdom today.”
The Belfast Newsletter.
“I can imagine no length of resistance to which Ulster can go in which I should not be prepared to support them.”
Andrew Bonar Law, 1912
“We would much prefer to remain part and parcel of the United Kingdom.”
Captain Charles Craig.
Illustrations
Ireland in 1808
Nationalist movements
Dates | Leader | Name | Key points | Fate |
---|---|---|---|---|
Up to 1798 | Wolfe Tone | The United Irishmen | Allying with French to launch an uprising | Repression and martyrdom |
1823 – 1829 | Daniel O’Connell | The Catholic Association | Mass movement seeking emancipation | Success and proscription |
1840 – 1843 | Daniel O’Connell | The Loyal National Repeal Association | Demagogic pursuit of Union repeal | Cancelled and disbanded |
1840 – 1848 | Thomas Davis, John Mitchel, William Smith O’Brien | Young Ireland | Inclusive, literary revolutionaries leaning towards cultural Irish nationhood | Failed rebellion in July 1848, but had important heritage |
1850 | Gavan Duffy, Frederick Lucas | The Tenant League | Highlighting the plight of tenant right | Soon split on regional differences |
1852 | Various | The Independent Irish Party | Party seeking three Fs and disestablishment | Fell apart without organisation |
1858 – 1867 | John O’Mahoney, James Stephens | The Fenian Brotherhood... |
Buy the full version of these notes or essay plans and more in our Ireland, 1789 - 1922 Notes.
Exhaustive notes covering all aspects of Irish society in the long nineteenth century. As well as charting the development of Irish nationalism and unionism, it records the policies of individual British governments, the fate of the Irish economy, and the spread of Irish culture and religion. Complete with illustrations, charts, maps, and timelines....
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